Pharmaceutical Excipients Database
Excipients with functional category, dosage-form applicability and, where an established range exists, typical concentration. Search by English, Persian or trade name or by CAS Registry Number, or filter by function and dosage form.
272 of 272 records
| Name | CAS | Functional category | Typical concentration | Dosage form |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AcaciaGum arabic, صمغ عربی, آکاسیا | 9000-01-5 | Gelling agent, viscosity modifierSurfactant, emulsifierBinder | 1–5% binder · 5–10% suspending | SolidLiquid |
| Acesulfame potassiumآسه‌سولفام پتاسیم | 55589-62-3 | Sweetening agent | — | SolidLiquid |
| Acetic acid, glacialاسید استیک | 64-19-7 | pH adjuster, buffering agent | — | LiquidSterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Acetoneاستون | 67-64-1 | Solvent, humectant | — | Solid |
| Acetyltributyl citrateATBC | 77-90-7 | Plasticiser | — | Solid |
| Acetyltriethyl citrateATEC | 77-89-4 | Plasticiser | — | Solid |
| Adipic acidاسید آدیپیک | 124-04-9 | pH adjuster, buffering agent | — | Solid |
| Agarآگار | 9002-18-0 | Gelling agent, viscosity modifier | — | LiquidSemi-solid |
| AlbuminHuman serum albumin, آلبومین | — | Stabiliser, lyoprotectant | — | Sterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Alcohol (ethanol)Ethanol, اتانول, الکل | 64-17-5 | Solvent, humectantAntimicrobial preservative | — | LiquidSemi-solid |
| Alginic acidاسید آلژینیک | 9005-32-7 | DisintegrantBinderGelling agent, viscosity modifier | 1–5% | Solid |
| Aliphatic polyestersPLA, PLGA, پلی لاکتیک گلیکولیک اسید | — | Release-modifying polymer | — | Sterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Almond oilروغن بادام | 8007-69-0 | Oleaginous vehicle | — | LiquidSemi-solid |
| Alpha tocopherolVitamin E, ویتامین ای, توکوفرول | 10191-41-0 | Antioxidant, chelating agent | — | LiquidSemi-solidSolid |
| Aluminum monostearateآلومینیوم مونواستئارات | 7047-84-9 | Gelling agent, viscosity modifier | — | Semi-solid |
| Ammonia solutionآمونیاک | 7664-41-7 | pH adjuster, buffering agent | — | Liquid |
| Ammonium chlorideآمونیوم کلراید | 12125-02-9 | pH adjuster, buffering agent | — | Liquid |
| Arginineآرژنین | 74-79-3 | pH adjuster, buffering agentStabiliser, lyoprotectant | — | Sterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Ascorbic acidVitamin C, ویتامین ث, اسید اسکوربیک | 50-81-7 | Antioxidant, chelating agent | — | LiquidSterile (parenteral/ophthalmic)Solid |
| Ascorbyl palmitateآسکوربیل پالمیتات | 137-66-6 | Antioxidant, chelating agent | — | Semi-solidSolidLiquid |
| Aspartameآسپارتام | 22839-47-0 | Sweetening agent | — | SolidLiquid |
| Attapulgiteآتاپولژیت | 12174-11-7 | Adsorbent | — | SolidLiquid |
| Bentoniteبنتونیت | 1302-78-9 | Gelling agent, viscosity modifierAdsorbent | — | LiquidSemi-solid |
| Benzalkonium chlorideBAK, BKC, بنزالکونیوم کلراید | 8001-54-5 | Antimicrobial preservative | 0.01–0.02% ophthalmic | Sterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Benzethonium chlorideبنزتونیوم کلراید | 121-54-0 | Antimicrobial preservative | 0.01–0.02% | LiquidSterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Benzoic acidاسید بنزوئیک | 65-85-0 | Antimicrobial preservative | — | LiquidSemi-solid |
| Benzyl alcoholبنزیل الکل | 100-51-6 | Antimicrobial preservativeSolvent, humectant | up to 2% preservative | Sterile (parenteral/ophthalmic)Semi-solidLiquid |
| Benzyl benzoateبنزیل بنزوات | 120-51-4 | Solvent, humectantPlasticiser | — | Sterile (parenteral/ophthalmic)Semi-solid |
| Betadex (beta-cyclodextrin)β-cyclodextrin, بتا سیکلودکسترین | 7585-39-9 | Solubilising agent | — | SolidLiquid |
| Boric acidاسید بوریک | 10043-35-3 | Antimicrobial preservativepH adjuster, buffering agent | — | Sterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Bronopolبرونوپول | 52-51-7 | Antimicrobial preservative | 0.01–0.1% | Semi-solidLiquid |
| Butylated hydroxyanisoleBHA, بی‌اچ‌ای | 25013-16-5 | Antioxidant, chelating agent | 0.005–0.02% topical | Semi-solidSolidLiquid |
| Butylated hydroxytolueneBHT, بی‌اچ‌تی, بوتیل هیدروکسی تولوئن | 128-37-0 | Antioxidant, chelating agent | 0.0075–0.1% topical | Semi-solid |
| Butylene glycolبوتیلن گلیکول | 107-88-0 | Solvent, humectant | — | Semi-solid |
| Butylparabenبوتیل پارابن | 94-26-8 | Antimicrobial preservative | — | LiquidSemi-solid |
| Calcium alginateکلسیم آلژینات | 9005-35-0 | Gelling agent, viscosity modifierDisintegrant | — | Solid |
| Calcium carbonateکربنات کلسیم, کلسیم کربنات | 471-34-1 | Diluent (filler)pH adjuster, buffering agent | — | Solid |
| Calcium phosphate, dibasic anhydrousDCPA, A-Tab, دی‌کلسیم فسفات انیدر | 7757-93-9 | Diluent (filler) | — | Solid |
| Calcium phosphate, tribasicTCP, تری‌کلسیم فسفات | 7758-87-4 | Diluent (filler)Glidant | — | Solid |
| Calcium silicateکلسیم سیلیکات | 1344-95-2 | GlidantAdsorbent | — | Solid |
| Calcium stearateکلسیم استئارات | 1592-23-0 | Lubricant | up to 1% | Solid |
| Calcium sulfate dihydrateکلسیم سولفات | 10101-41-4 | Diluent (filler) | — | Solid |
| Canola oilروغن کانولا | 120962-03-0 | Oleaginous vehicle | — | LiquidSemi-solid |
| Caprylocaproyl polyoxylglyceridesLabrasol, لابرازول | — | Solubilising agentSurfactant, emulsifier | — | LiquidSemi-solid |
| CarbomerCarbopol, کاربومر, کاربوپل | 9003-01-4 | Gelling agent, viscosity modifier | 0.5–2% gel · 0.5–1% suspending · 0.1–0.5% emulsifying | Semi-solidLiquid |
| Carbon dioxideدی‌اکسید کربن | 124-38-9 | Propellant / inert gas | — | Liquid |
| Carboxymethylcellulose calciumCMC calcium, کربوکسی متیل سلولز کلسیم | 9050-04-8 | Disintegrant | 1–15% | Solid |
| Carboxymethylcellulose sodiumCMC, Sodium CMC, کربوکسی متیل سلولز سدیم, سی‌ام‌سی | 9004-32-4 | Gelling agent, viscosity modifierBinderDisintegrant | 1–6% binder · 3–6% gel | LiquidSolidSemi-solid |
| Carrageenanکاراگینان | 9000-07-1 | Gelling agent, viscosity modifier | — | LiquidSemi-solid |
| Castor oilروغن کرچک | 8001-79-4 | Oleaginous vehiclePlasticiser | — | Semi-solidLiquidSterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Castor oil, hydrogenatedCutina HR, روغن کرچک هیدروژنه | 8001-78-3 | LubricantSemi-solid base, emollient | 0.1–2% lubricant | SolidSemi-solid |
| Cellulose acetateسلولز استات | 9004-35-7 | Coating agent, film formerRelease-modifying polymer | — | Solid |
| Cellulose acetate phthalateCAP, سلولز استات فتالات | 9004-38-0 | Coating agent, film former | — | Solid |
| Cellulose, powderedپودر سلولز | 9004-34-6 | Diluent (filler) | — | Solid |
| Cellulose, silicified microcrystallineProsolv SMCC, پروسالو | — | Diluent (filler) | — | Solid |
| CeratoniaLocust bean gum, صمغ خرنوب | 9000-40-2 | Gelling agent, viscosity modifier | — | Liquid |
| Cetostearyl alcoholLanette O, ستواستئاریل الکل | 67762-27-0 | Semi-solid base, emollient | q.s. | Semi-solid |
| Cetrimideستریمید | 8044-71-1 | Antimicrobial preservativeSurfactant, emulsifier | — | Semi-solidSterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Cetyl alcoholستیل الکل | 36653-82-4 | Semi-solid base, emollientSurfactant, emulsifier | 2–5% emollient · 2–10% stiffening | Semi-solid |
| Cetyl palmitateستیل پالمیتات | 540-10-3 | Semi-solid base, emollient | — | Semi-solid |
| Cetylpyridinium chlorideستیل پیریدینیوم کلراید | 123-03-5 | Antimicrobial preservative | — | Liquid |
| Chitosanکیتوزان | 9012-76-4 | Release-modifying polymerGelling agent, viscosity modifier | — | Solid |
| Chlorhexidine gluconateکلرهگزیدین | 18472-51-0 | Antimicrobial preservative | — | LiquidSemi-solid |
| Chlorobutanolکلروبوتانول | 57-15-8 | Antimicrobial preservative | up to 0.5% | Sterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Chlorocresolکلروکرزول | 59-50-7 | Antimicrobial preservative | 0.1–0.2% | Semi-solidSterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Chloroxylenolکلروزایلنول | 88-04-0 | Antimicrobial preservative | — | Semi-solid |
| Cholesterolکلسترول | 57-88-5 | Surfactant, emulsifierSemi-solid base, emollient | — | Semi-solidSterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Citric acidاسید سیتریک, سیتریک اسید | 77-92-9 | pH adjuster, buffering agentAntioxidant, chelating agent | — | LiquidSolidSterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Coconut oilروغن نارگیل | 8001-31-8 | Oleaginous vehicleSemi-solid base, emollient | — | Semi-solid |
| Colloidal silicon dioxideAerosil, Cab-O-Sil, آئروزیل, سیلیکون دی‌اکسید کلوئیدی | 7631-86-9 | Glidant | 0.1–1% | SolidSemi-solid |
| Coloring agentsFD&C dyes, lakes, رنگ خوراکی, رنگ‌های مجاز | — | Colouring agent | — | SolidLiquidSemi-solid |
| CopovidoneKollidon VA 64, Plasdone S-630, کوپوویدون | 25086-89-9 | BinderCoating agent, film former | 2–5% binder | Solid |
| Corn oilروغن ذرت | 8001-30-7 | Oleaginous vehicle | — | LiquidSterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Cottonseed oilروغن پنبه‌دانه | 8001-29-4 | Oleaginous vehicle | — | Sterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Cresolکرزول | 1319-77-3 | Antimicrobial preservative | 0.15–0.3% | Sterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Croscarmellose sodiumAc-Di-Sol, Primellose, کراس‌کارملوز سدیم | 74811-65-7 | Disintegrant | 0.5–5% tablets · 10–25% capsules | Solid |
| CrospovidoneKollidon CL, Polyplasdone XL, کراس‌پوویدون | 9003-39-8 | Disintegrant | 2–5% | Solid |
| Cyclomethiconeسیکلومتیکون | 69430-24-6 | Semi-solid base, emollient | — | Semi-solid |
| DextratesEmdex, دکستریت | 39404-33-6 | Diluent (filler) | — | Solid |
| Dextrinدکسترین | 9004-53-9 | BinderDiluent (filler) | — | Solid |
| DextroseGlucose, گلوکز, دکستروز | 50-99-7 | Diluent (filler)Tonicity-adjusting agentSweetening agent | — | SolidSterile (parenteral/ophthalmic)Liquid |
| Dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrateDCP, Emcompress, دی‌کلسیم فسفات | 7789-77-7 | Diluent (filler) | q.s. | Solid |
| Dibutyl phthalateDBP, دی‌بوتیل فتالات | 84-74-2 | Plasticiser | — | Solid |
| Dibutyl sebacateDBS, دی‌بوتیل سباکات | 109-43-3 | Plasticiser | — | Solid |
| Diethanolamineدی‌اتانول آمین | 111-42-2 | pH adjuster, buffering agent | — | Semi-solid |
| Diethyl phthalateDEP, دی‌اتیل فتالات | 84-66-2 | Plasticiser | — | Solid |
| Diethylene glycol monoethyl etherTranscutol, ترانسکوتول | 111-90-0 | Solvent, humectantPenetration enhancer | — | Semi-solid |
| Dimethiconeدایمتیکون, سیلیکون | 9006-65-9 | Semi-solid base, emollient | — | Semi-solidLiquid |
| Dimethyl sulfoxideDMSO, دی‌متیل سولفوکساید | 67-68-5 | Solvent, humectantPenetration enhancer | — | Semi-solid |
| DimethylacetamideDMA | 127-19-5 | Solvent, humectant | — | Sterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Disodium edetateEDTA, Edetate disodium, ادتا, دی‌سدیم ادتات, ای‌دی‌تی‌ای | 139-33-3 | Antioxidant, chelating agent | 0.005–0.1% | LiquidSemi-solidSterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Docusate sodiumدوکوزات سدیم | 577-11-7 | Surfactant, emulsifier | — | SolidLiquid |
| Edetic acidEDTA, ادتیک اسید | 60-00-4 | Antioxidant, chelating agent | — | LiquidSemi-solidSterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Erythritolاریتریتول | 149-32-6 | Sweetening agentDiluent (filler) | — | Solid |
| Ethyl acetateاتیل استات | 141-78-6 | Solvent, humectant | — | Solid |
| Ethyl oleateاتیل اولئات | 111-62-6 | Oleaginous vehicle | — | Sterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Ethyl vanillinاتیل وانیلین | 121-32-4 | Flavouring agent | — | SolidLiquid |
| EthylcelluloseEthocel, Surelease, Aquacoat, اتیل سلولز | 9004-57-3 | Coating agent, film formerRelease-modifying polymerBinder | 1–3% binder | Solid |
| Ethylparabenاتیل پارابن | 120-47-8 | Antimicrobial preservative | — | LiquidSemi-solid |
| Fructoseفروکتوز | 57-48-7 | Sweetening agentDiluent (filler) | — | SolidLiquid |
| Fumaric acidاسید فوماریک | 110-17-8 | pH adjuster, buffering agent | — | Solid |
| Gelatinژلاتین | 9000-70-8 | BinderCoating agent, film formerGelling agent, viscosity modifier | — | SolidSemi-solid |
| Glucose, liquidگلوکز مایع | — | Sweetening agentBinder | — | SolidLiquid |
| GlycerinGlycerol, گلیسیرین, گلیسرول | 56-81-5 | Solvent, humectant | up to 30% as humectant | LiquidSemi-solid |
| Glyceryl behenateCompritol 888 ATO, کامپریتول | — | LubricantRelease-modifying polymer | 1–3% lubricant | Solid |
| Glyceryl monooleateگلیسریل مونواولئات | 25496-72-4 | Surfactant, emulsifier | — | Semi-solid |
| Glyceryl monostearateGMS, گلیسریل مونواستئارات, جی‌ام‌اس | 31566-31-1 | Surfactant, emulsifierSemi-solid base, emollient | — | Semi-solidSolid |
| Glyceryl palmitostearatePrecirol ATO 5, پرسیرول | 8067-32-1 | Lubricant | 1–3% lubricant | Solid |
| Glycineگلایسین | 56-40-6 | pH adjuster, buffering agentStabiliser, lyoprotectant | — | Sterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Glycofurolگلیکوفورول | 31692-85-0 | Solvent, humectant | — | Sterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Guar gumصمغ گوار | 9000-30-0 | Gelling agent, viscosity modifierBinder | — | LiquidSolid |
| Hard fatWitepsol, Suppocire, ویتپسول, پایه شیاف | — | Semi-solid base, emollient | — | Semi-solid |
| Histidineهیستیدین | 71-00-1 | pH adjuster, buffering agent | — | Sterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Hydrochloric acidاسید کلریدریک | 7647-01-0 | pH adjuster, buffering agent | — | LiquidSterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Hydroxyethyl celluloseHEC, Natrosol, هیدروکسی اتیل سلولز | 9004-62-0 | Gelling agent, viscosity modifier | — | LiquidSemi-solid |
| Hydroxypropyl betadexHP-β-CD, هیدروکسی پروپیل بتا سیکلودکسترین | 128446-35-5 | Solubilising agent | — | LiquidSterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Hydroxypropyl celluloseHPC, Klucel, هیدروکسی پروپیل سلولز | 9004-64-2 | Binder | 2–6% | Solid |
| Hydroxypropyl cellulose, low-substitutedL-HPC | 9004-64-2 | DisintegrantBinder | — | Solid |
| Hypromellose (HPMC)Methocel, Pharmacoat, هایپروملوز, هیدروکسی پروپیل متیل سلولز, اچ‌پی‌ام‌سی | 9004-65-3 | BinderCoating agent, film formerGelling agent, viscosity modifier | 2–5% binder · 10–80% matrix · 2–20% film coat | SolidLiquidSemi-solid |
| Hypromellose acetate succinateHPMCAS, AQOAT | 71138-97-1 | Coating agent, film formerRelease-modifying polymer | — | Solid |
| Hypromellose phthalateHPMCP, هایپروملوز فتالات | 9050-31-1 | Coating agent, film former | — | Solid |
| ImidureaGermall 115, ایمیدوره | 39236-46-9 | Antimicrobial preservative | 0.03–0.5% | Semi-solid |
| Iron oxidesRed, yellow and black iron oxide, اکسید آهن | — | Colouring agent | — | Solid |
| Isomaltایزومالت | 64519-82-0 | Diluent (filler)Sweetening agent | — | Solid |
| Isopropyl alcoholIPA, ایزوپروپیل الکل, ایزوپروپانول | 67-63-0 | Solvent, humectant | — | SolidSemi-solid |
| Isopropyl myristateIPM, ایزوپروپیل میریستات | 110-27-0 | Semi-solid base, emollientPenetration enhancer | — | Semi-solid |
| Isopropyl palmitateIPP, ایزوپروپیل پالمیتات | 142-91-6 | Semi-solid base, emollientPenetration enhancer | — | Semi-solid |
| Kaolinکائولن | 1332-58-7 | AdsorbentDiluent (filler) | — | SolidLiquid |
| Lactic acidاسید لاکتیک | 50-21-5 | pH adjuster, buffering agent | — | LiquidSemi-solidSterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Lactitolلاکتیتول | 585-86-4 | Sweetening agentDiluent (filler) | — | Solid |
| Lactose monohydratePharmatose, Tablettose, لاکتوز مونوهیدرات | 64044-51-5 | Diluent (filler) | q.s. | Solid |
| Lactose, anhydrousلاکتوز انیدر | 63-42-3 | Diluent (filler) | — | Solid |
| Lactose, spray-driedFlowLac, Fast-Flo, لاکتوز اسپری‌درای | — | Diluent (filler) | — | Solid |
| LanolinWool fat, لانولین | 8006-54-0 | Semi-solid base, emollient | — | Semi-solid |
| Lanolin alcoholsWool alcohols, الکل‌های لانولین | 8027-33-6 | Semi-solid base, emollientSurfactant, emulsifier | — | Semi-solid |
| Lauroyl polyoxylglyceridesGelucire 44/14, ژلوسایر | — | Solubilising agentSurfactant, emulsifier | — | SolidLiquid |
| Lecithinلسیتین | 8002-43-5 | Surfactant, emulsifier | — | LiquidSterile (parenteral/ophthalmic)Semi-solid |
| Leucineلوسین | 61-90-5 | Lubricant | — | Solid |
| Liquid paraffinMineral oil, پارافین مایع, روغن معدنی | 8012-95-1 | Semi-solid base, emollient | 1–32% emulsions · up to 95% ointments | Semi-solid |
| Macrogol 15 hydroxystearateSolutol HS 15, Kolliphor HS 15 | 70142-34-6 | Solubilising agentSurfactant, emulsifier | — | Sterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Macrogol 400 (PEG 400)Polyethylene glycol 400, پلی‌اتیلن گلیکول, پگ 400, ماکروگل | 25322-68-3 | Solvent, humectantSemi-solid base, emollient | q.s. | LiquidSemi-solid |
| Macrogols, solid gradesPEG 3350, PEG 4000, PEG 6000, پلی‌اتیلن گلیکول, پگ | 25322-68-3 | Semi-solid base, emollientLubricantPlasticiserBinder | — | SolidSemi-solid |
| Magnesium aluminum silicateVeegum, ویگوم | 1327-43-1 | Gelling agent, viscosity modifierAdsorbent | — | LiquidSemi-solid |
| Magnesium carbonateکربنات منیزیم | 546-93-0 | Diluent (filler)Adsorbent | — | Solid |
| Magnesium oxideاکسید منیزیم | 1309-48-4 | Diluent (filler)pH adjuster, buffering agent | — | Solid |
| Magnesium silicateمنیزیم سیلیکات | 1343-88-0 | Glidant | — | Solid |
| Magnesium stearateمنیزیم استئارات, استئارات منیزیم | 557-04-0 | Lubricant | 0.25–5% | Solid |
| Magnesium trisilicateمنیزیم تری‌سیلیکات | 14987-04-3 | GlidantAdsorbent | — | Solid |
| Maleic acidاسید مالئیک | 110-16-7 | pH adjuster, buffering agent | — | Solid |
| Malic acidاسید مالیک | 6915-15-7 | pH adjuster, buffering agentFlavouring agent | — | LiquidSolid |
| Maltitolمالتیتول | 585-88-6 | Sweetening agentDiluent (filler) | — | SolidLiquid |
| Maltodextrinمالتودکسترین | 9050-36-6 | Diluent (filler)Binder | — | Solid |
| Maltoseمالتوز | 69-79-4 | Sweetening agent | — | SolidLiquid |
| MannitolPearlitol, مانیتول | 69-65-8 | Diluent (filler)Tonicity-adjusting agent | 10–90% in tablets | SolidSterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Medium-chain triglyceridesMCT, Miglyol 812, میگلیول | 73398-61-5 | Oleaginous vehicle | — | LiquidSemi-solidSterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Meglumineمگلومین | 6284-40-8 | pH adjuster, buffering agent | — | Sterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Mentholمنتول | 89-78-1 | Flavouring agent | — | LiquidSemi-solidSolid |
| Methionineمتیونین | 63-68-3 | Antioxidant, chelating agent | — | Sterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| MethylcelluloseMC, متیل سلولز | 9004-67-5 | Gelling agent, viscosity modifierBinder | 1–5% binder | LiquidSolid |
| MethylparabenNipagin, متیل پارابن, نیپاژین | 99-76-3 | Antimicrobial preservative | 0.015–0.2% oral · 0.02–0.3% topical | LiquidSemi-solid |
| Microcrystalline celluloseMCC, Avicel, Vivapur, آویسل, میکروکریستالین سلولز | 9004-34-6 | Diluent (filler)BinderDisintegrant | 20–90% diluent/binder · 5–15% disintegrant | Solid |
| Monoethanolamineمونواتانول آمین | 141-43-5 | pH adjuster, buffering agent | — | Semi-solid |
| Monothioglycerolمونوتیوگلیسرول | 96-27-5 | Antioxidant, chelating agent | — | Sterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| N-MethylpyrrolidoneNMP | 872-50-4 | Solvent, humectant | — | Sterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Nitrogenنیتروژن, ازت | 7727-37-9 | Propellant / inert gas | — | Sterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Octyldodecanolاکتیل دودکانول | 5333-42-6 | Semi-solid base, emollient | — | Semi-solid |
| Oleic acidاسید اولئیک | 112-80-1 | Penetration enhancerSurfactant, emulsifier | — | Semi-solid |
| Oleyl alcoholاولئیل الکل | 143-28-2 | Penetration enhancerSemi-solid base, emollient | — | Semi-solid |
| Olive oilروغن زیتون | 8001-25-0 | Oleaginous vehicle | — | LiquidSemi-solid |
| Palmitic acidاسید پالمیتیک | 57-10-3 | Lubricant | — | Solid |
| ParaffinHard paraffin, پارافین جامد | 8002-74-2 | Semi-solid base, emollient | — | Semi-solid |
| Peanut oilArachis oil, روغن بادام‌زمینی | 8002-03-7 | Oleaginous vehicle | — | Sterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Pectinپکتین | 9000-69-5 | Gelling agent, viscosity modifier | — | Liquid |
| Phenolفنل | 108-95-2 | Antimicrobial preservative | ≈0.5% injections | Sterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Phenoxyethanolفنوکسی اتانول | 122-99-6 | Antimicrobial preservative | 0.5–1% | Semi-solidSterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Phenylethyl alcoholفنیل اتیل الکل | 60-12-8 | Antimicrobial preservative | — | Sterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Phosphoric acidاسید فسفریک | 7664-38-2 | pH adjuster, buffering agent | — | LiquidSterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Polacrilin potassiumAmberlite IRP88, پولاکریلین پتاسیم | — | Disintegrant | 2–10% | Solid |
| PoloxamerPluronic, Kolliphor P 188, Kolliphor P 407, پلوکسامر | 9003-11-6 | Surfactant, emulsifierGelling agent, viscosity modifierSolubilising agent | 15–50% gelling | LiquidSemi-solidSterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Polycarbophilپلی‌کاربوفیل | 9003-97-8 | Gelling agent, viscosity modifier | — | Semi-solid |
| Polydextroseپلی‌دکستروز | 68424-04-4 | Diluent (filler) | — | Solid |
| Polyethylene oxidePolyox, PEO, پلی‌اتیلن اکساید | 25322-68-3 | Release-modifying polymerBinder | — | Solid |
| PolymethacrylatesEudragit L, Eudragit S, Eudragit E, Eudragit RL, Eudragit RS, اودراژیت | — | Coating agent, film formerRelease-modifying polymer | — | Solid |
| Polyoxyethylene alkyl ethersCetomacrogol 1000, Brij, ستوماکروگل | — | Surfactant, emulsifier | — | Semi-solid |
| Polyoxyl 35 castor oilCremophor EL, Kolliphor EL, کرموفور | 61791-12-6 | Solubilising agentSurfactant, emulsifier | — | Sterile (parenteral/ophthalmic)Liquid |
| Polyoxyl 40 hydrogenated castor oilCremophor RH 40, Kolliphor RH 40 | 61788-85-0 | Solubilising agentSurfactant, emulsifier | — | LiquidSemi-solid |
| Polyoxyl 40 stearateMyrj 52 | 9004-99-3 | Surfactant, emulsifier | — | Semi-solid |
| Polysorbate 20Tween 20, توئین 20 | 9005-64-5 | Surfactant, emulsifier | — | LiquidSemi-solidSterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Polysorbate 60Tween 60, توئین 60 | 9005-67-8 | Surfactant, emulsifier | — | Semi-solid |
| Polysorbate 80Tween 80, توئین 80, پلی‌سوربات 80 | 9005-65-6 | Surfactant, emulsifier | 1–15% emulsifier · 1–10% solubiliser · 0.1–3% wetting | LiquidSemi-solidSterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Polyvinyl acetate phthalatePVAP | 34481-48-6 | Coating agent, film former | — | Solid |
| Polyvinyl alcoholPVA, پلی‌وینیل الکل | 9002-89-5 | Coating agent, film formerGelling agent, viscosity modifier | — | SolidSterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Potassium chlorideپتاسیم کلراید | 7447-40-7 | Tonicity-adjusting agent | — | Sterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Potassium hydroxideپتاسیم هیدروکسید, پتاس | 1310-58-3 | pH adjuster, buffering agent | — | LiquidSemi-solid |
| Potassium metabisulfiteپتاسیم متابی‌سولفیت | 16731-55-8 | Antioxidant, chelating agent | — | Liquid |
| Potassium sorbateسوربات پتاسیم, پتاسیم سوربات | 24634-61-5 | Antimicrobial preservative | 0.1–0.2% | LiquidSemi-solid |
| Povidone K30PVP, Kollidon, Plasdone, پوویدون, پی‌وی‌پی | 9003-39-8 | Binder | 0.5–5% | SolidLiquid |
| Pregelatinized starchStarch 1500, Lycatab, نشاسته پره‌ژلاتینه | 9005-25-8 | BinderDiluent (filler)Disintegrant | 5–20% binder · 5–10% disintegrant | Solid |
| Propyl gallateپروپیل گالات | 121-79-9 | Antioxidant, chelating agent | up to 0.1% | Semi-solid |
| Propylene carbonateپروپیلن کربنات | 108-32-7 | Solvent, humectant | — | Semi-solid |
| Propylene glycolپروپیلن گلیکول | 57-55-6 | Solvent, humectantAntimicrobial preservative | ≈15% humectant · 10–25% oral cosolvent | LiquidSemi-solid |
| Propylene glycol alginateپروپیلن گلیکول آلژینات | 9005-37-2 | Gelling agent, viscosity modifier | — | Liquid |
| PropylparabenNipasol, پروپیل پارابن, نیپازول | 94-13-3 | Antimicrobial preservative | 0.01–0.02% oral · 0.01–0.6% topical | LiquidSemi-solid |
| Pullulanپولولان | 9057-02-7 | Coating agent, film former | — | Solid |
| Saccharinساخارین | 81-07-2 | Sweetening agent | — | LiquidSolid |
| Saccharin sodiumساخارین سدیم | 128-44-9 | Sweetening agent | — | LiquidSolid |
| Sesame oilروغن کنجد | 8008-74-0 | Oleaginous vehicle | — | Sterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Shellacشلاک | 9000-59-3 | Coating agent, film former | — | Solid |
| SimethiconeAntifoam, سایمتیکون | 8050-81-5 | Semi-solid base, emollient | — | LiquidSolid |
| Sodium acetateسدیم استات | 127-09-3 | pH adjuster, buffering agent | — | LiquidSterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Sodium alginateسدیم آلژینات | 9005-38-3 | Gelling agent, viscosity modifierBinderDisintegrant | 1–3% binder · 2.5–10% disintegrant | LiquidSolidSemi-solid |
| Sodium ascorbateسدیم آسکوربات | 134-03-2 | Antioxidant, chelating agent | — | LiquidSterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Sodium benzoateسدیم بنزوات, بنزوات سدیم | 532-32-1 | Antimicrobial preservative | 0.02–0.5% oral | Liquid |
| Sodium bicarbonateبی‌کربنات سدیم, جوش شیرین | 144-55-8 | pH adjuster, buffering agent | — | SolidSterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Sodium bisulfiteسدیم بی‌سولفیت | 7631-90-5 | Antioxidant, chelating agent | — | Sterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Sodium carbonateکربنات سدیم | 497-19-8 | pH adjuster, buffering agent | — | Solid |
| Sodium chlorideسدیم کلراید, کلرید سدیم, نمک | 7647-14-5 | Tonicity-adjusting agent | up to 0.9% | Sterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Sodium citrate dihydrateسیترات سدیم, سدیم سیترات | 6132-04-3 | pH adjuster, buffering agent | — | LiquidSterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Sodium cyclamateسدیم سیکلامات | 139-05-9 | Sweetening agent | — | LiquidSolid |
| Sodium hyaluronateهیالورونات سدیم | 9067-32-7 | Gelling agent, viscosity modifier | — | Sterile (parenteral/ophthalmic)Semi-solid |
| Sodium hydroxideسود, سدیم هیدروکسید | 1310-73-2 | pH adjuster, buffering agent | — | LiquidSemi-solidSterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Sodium lauryl sulfateSLS, Sodium dodecyl sulfate, سدیم لوریل سولفات, اس‌ال‌اس | 151-21-3 | Surfactant, emulsifierLubricant | 1–2% as tablet lubricant | SolidSemi-solid |
| Sodium metabisulfiteسدیم متابی‌سولفیت | 7681-57-4 | Antioxidant, chelating agent | 0.01–1% | LiquidSterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Sodium phosphate, dibasicدی‌سدیم فسفات | 7558-79-4 | pH adjuster, buffering agent | — | LiquidSterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Sodium phosphate, monobasicمونوسدیم فسفات | 7558-80-7 | pH adjuster, buffering agent | — | LiquidSterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Sodium starch glycolatePrimojel, Explotab, سدیم استارچ گلیکولات | 9063-38-1 | Disintegrant | 2–8% | Solid |
| Sodium stearyl fumaratePruv, سدیم استئاریل فومارات | 4070-80-8 | Lubricant | 0.5–2% | Solid |
| Sodium sulfiteسدیم سولفیت | 7757-83-7 | Antioxidant, chelating agent | — | Sterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Sodium thiosulfateسدیم تیوسولفات | 7772-98-7 | Antioxidant, chelating agent | — | Sterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Sorbic acidاسید سوربیک | 110-44-1 | Antimicrobial preservative | 0.05–0.2% | LiquidSemi-solid |
| Sorbitan monolaurate (Span 20)اسپن 20 | 1338-39-2 | Surfactant, emulsifier | — | Semi-solid |
| Sorbitan monooleate (Span 80)اسپن 80, سوربیتان مونواولئات | 1338-43-8 | Surfactant, emulsifier | 1–15% | Semi-solid |
| Sorbitan monostearate (Span 60)اسپن 60 | 1338-41-6 | Surfactant, emulsifier | — | Semi-solid |
| Sorbitolسوربیتول | 50-70-4 | Sweetening agentSolvent, humectant | 20–35% oral solutions | Liquid |
| Soybean oilروغن سویا | 8001-22-7 | Oleaginous vehicle | — | Sterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Squalaneاسکوالان | 111-01-3 | Semi-solid base, emollient | — | Semi-solid |
| Starch, maizeCorn starch, نشاسته ذرت | 9005-25-8 | Diluent (filler)DisintegrantBinder | — | Solid |
| Stearic acidاسید استئاریک, استئاریک اسید | 57-11-4 | Lubricant | 1–3% | SolidSemi-solid |
| Stearyl alcoholاستئاریل الکل | 112-92-5 | Semi-solid base, emollient | — | Semi-solid |
| Sucraloseسوکرالوز | 56038-13-2 | Sweetening agent | — | LiquidSolid |
| SucroseSugar, ساکارز, سوکروز, شکر | 57-50-1 | Sweetening agent | up to 67% in syrups | LiquidSolid |
| Sugar spheresNonpareil, Suglets, پلت خنثی | — | Diluent (filler) | — | Solid |
| Sugar, compressibleDi-Pac, شکر قابل تراکم | — | Diluent (filler) | — | Solid |
| Sulfobutylether beta-cyclodextrinSBECD, Captisol | 182410-00-0 | Solubilising agent | — | Sterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Sunflower oilروغن آفتابگردان | 8001-21-6 | Oleaginous vehicle | — | LiquidSemi-solid |
| Talcتالک | 14807-96-6 | GlidantLubricant | 1–10% | Solid |
| Tartaric acidاسید تارتاریک | 87-69-4 | pH adjuster, buffering agent | — | Solid |
| Thimerosalتیمروزال | 54-64-8 | Antimicrobial preservative | — | Sterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Thymolتیمول | 89-83-8 | Antimicrobial preservativeFlavouring agent | — | Liquid |
| Titanium dioxideتیتانیوم دی‌اکسید, دی‌اکسید تیتانیوم | 13463-67-7 | Coating agent, film former | q.s. | SolidSemi-solid |
| Tragacanthکتیرا, تراگاکانت | 9000-65-1 | Gelling agent, viscosity modifier | — | LiquidSemi-solid |
| Trehaloseترهالوز | 99-20-7 | Stabiliser, lyoprotectant | — | Sterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Triacetinتری‌استین | 102-76-1 | PlasticiserSolvent, humectant | — | Solid |
| Tributyl citrateTBC | 77-94-1 | Plasticiser | — | Solid |
| Triethyl citrateTEC, تری‌اتیل سیترات | 77-93-0 | Plasticiser | — | Solid |
| TrolamineTriethanolamine, TEA, تری‌اتانول آمین | 102-71-6 | pH adjuster, buffering agent | — | Semi-solid |
| TromethamineTris, THAM, ترومتامین | 77-86-1 | pH adjuster, buffering agent | — | Sterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Vanillinوانیلین | 121-33-5 | Flavouring agent | — | SolidLiquid |
| Vegetable oil, hydrogenatedLubritab, روغن نباتی هیدروژنه | — | Lubricant | 1–6% lubricant | Solid |
| Vitamin E polyethylene glycol succinateTPGS, Vitamin E TPGS | 9002-96-4 | Solubilising agentSurfactant, emulsifier | — | Liquid |
| Water for injectionWFI, آب قابل تزریق | 7732-18-5 | Solvent, humectant | — | Sterile (parenteral/ophthalmic) |
| Water, purifiedآب خالص, آب دیونیزه | 7732-18-5 | Solvent, humectant | — | LiquidSemi-solid |
| Wax, anionic emulsifyingLanette SX, موم امولسیفایر آنیونی | — | Surfactant, emulsifierSemi-solid base, emollient | — | Semi-solid |
| Wax, carnaubaموم کارنوبا | 8015-86-9 | Coating agent, film former | — | Solid |
| Wax, microcrystallineموم میکروکریستالین | 63231-60-7 | Semi-solid base, emollient | — | Semi-solid |
| Wax, nonionic emulsifyingPolawax, موم امولسیفایر غیریونی | — | Surfactant, emulsifierSemi-solid base, emollient | — | Semi-solid |
| Wax, whiteWhite beeswax, موم سفید, موم زنبور | 8012-89-3 | Semi-solid base, emollient | — | Semi-solid |
| White soft paraffinPetrolatum, Vaseline, وازلین, پترولاتوم, پارافین جامد سفید | 8009-03-8 | Semi-solid base, emollient | 10–30% creams · up to 100% ointments | Semi-solid |
| Xanthan gumصمغ زانتان, زانتان گام | 11138-66-2 | Gelling agent, viscosity modifier | q.s. | LiquidSemi-solid |
| Xylitolزایلیتول | 87-99-0 | Sweetening agentDiluent (filler) | — | SolidLiquid |
| Zeinزئین | 9010-66-6 | Coating agent, film former | — | Solid |
| Zinc stearateزینک استئارات, استئارات روی | 557-05-1 | Lubricant | 0.5–1.5% | Solid |
Concentration ranges are starting guidance and must be confirmed for each formulation against a compendial reference (e.g. Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients) and experimentally. q.s. (quantum satis) means the quantity required.